Oxygen Steelmaking

Two thirds of the world's crude steel production runs through the converter. The converter will also take its place in future CO₂-neutral steel production in combination with direct reduction and the OBF. In addition to this new future role, the current challenges and trends of the converter will of course also be content of this seminar: scrap qualities, tramp elements, modelling and CFD as well as refractory technology. The programme will be rounded off with the most important fundamentals such as thermodynamics, reaction kinetics and heat and mass balance.

The target groups are:

• Steel shop operating staff
• Employees in R&D and transformation

Programme:

11.06.2024

• Introduction to the seminar
• History, design and types of converters
  Design of Bessemer-, Thomas-, LD- and OBM-converters
• Thermodynamic and kinetic basics in the converter process
  Reactions and transport in the converter / Basics of a model on thermodynamics and kinetics / Slag structure
• Tramp elements
  Importance and impacts of Phosphor, Nitrogen, Copper etc
• Hot-metal pretreatment
  Reactions and processes for the removal of silicon, phosphorus and sulphur / HMD / DDD / Injection technology / KR
• Steel scrap for the converter
  Scrap types for the converter / Scrap qualities / Scrap handling

12.06.2024

• Chemical reaction kinetics – refining reactions and slag forming in the BOF process
  Oxidation of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Fe and their interactions / Achievable contents in the crude steel / Gas reactions (CO,
  CO₂, H₂, N₂) / Slag: forming, reactions, properties
• The process of CO₂-neutral steelmaking
  Hydrogen-based direct reduction / EAF / OBF-converter
• Future demands in hydrogen-based CO₂-neutral steelmaking and the role of the converter
• New developments of oxygen converters
• Mass balance and heat balance
  Heat of reactions in refining and slagging / Kinetics of scrap melting / Kinetics of DRI melting / Post combustion
• Global comparison of converter operation practices: US – Europe – Japan – China
• Open discussion

13.06.2024

• Refractory materials for BOF
  Interaction metallurgy, slags and refractory materials / Wear mechanism / Failures
• Computational fluid dynamics in the converter
  Transport equations / Physical (water modelling) and numerical simulation (CFD) / Specific flow phenomena
• Converter process modelling
  Dynamic models for online monitoring and control of oxygen refining processes / Examples for BOF, AOD, VOD
• Environmental aspects: dedusting
  Dust formation in the BOF process / Typical dust composition / Dust cleaning systems / Behavior of Na, K and Zn

Online-Registration